📚 Course Title: Changing Sentence

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1. Read the text and change the sentences as directed. 1 × 5 = 5 [2017]

(a) Jim and Della sacrificed their dearest possessions in order to buy Christmas presents for each other. (Compound)
(b) Della had an ardent desire to give her husband a worthy gift. (Complex)
(c) Jim also thought how he could give his wife a nice gift. (Simple)
(d) Della saved a scanty amount of money for this. (Passive)
(e) Jim was one of the sincerest husbands that we have ever known. (Positive)

Explanation:

Question: (a) Jim and Della sacrificed their dearest possessions in order to buy Christmas presents for each other. (Compound)
✅ Compound Sentence
Jim and Della sacrificed their dearest possessions and bought Christmas presents – দুটি স্বাধীন বাক্য “and” দিয়ে যুক্ত হওয়ায় এটি compound sentence.
👉 Compound sentence হলো এমন বাক্য যেখানে দুটি বা তার বেশি স্বাধীন বাক্য সংযুক্ত থাকে।
→ এখানে দুটি স্বাধীন বাক্য “Jim sacrificed” এবং “Della bought” সংযুক্ত হয়েছে।

Question: (b) Della had an ardent desire to give her husband a worthy gift. (Complex)
✅ Complex Sentence
Della had a desire to give her husband a worthy gift – মূল বাক্যের সাথে একটি dependent clause বা phrase যুক্ত থাকায় এটি complex sentence।
👉 Complex sentence হল এমন বাক্য যেখানে একটি স্বাধীন বাক্যের সাথে একটি অধীনস্থ clause বা phrase থাকে।
→ এখানে “to give her husband a worthy gift” একটি dependent phrase

Question: (c) Jim also thought how he could give his wife a nice gift. (Simple)
✅ Simple Sentence
Jim thought how to give a gift – একটি স্বাধীন clause থাকায় simple sentence।
👉 Simple sentence হলো একটি স্বাধীন clause দিয়ে গঠিত বাক্য।
→ এখানে “Jim thought...” একটি পূর্ণ স্বাধীন clause।

Question: (d) Della saved a scanty amount of money for this. (Passive)
✅ Active Sentence
Della saved money – এটি active voice বাক্য।
👉 Passive sentence এর জন্য বস্তু(subject) বাক্যের শুরুতে আসতে হবে, যেমন: “A scanty amount of money was saved by Della.”
→ এখানে বাক্যটি active voice।

Question: (e) Jim was one of the sincerest husbands that we have ever known. (Positive)
✅ Superlative Degree
“Sincerest” হলো superlative adjective।
👉 Positive degree অর্থ adjective এর সাধারণ রূপ যেমন: sincere।
→ এখানে superlative “sincerest” ব্যবহার হয়েছে, তাই positive নয়।